Valhalla Fenrir Edition Red Fruit 350g

Zutaten: L-citrulline malate, L-arginine hydrochloride, acidifier: citric acid; L-Ornithine HCL, Amaranth Extract, Magnesium Citrate, Aroma, Taurine, N-Acetyl-L-Tyrosine, Bacopa Monnieri Extract, Choline Bitartrate, Panax Ginseng Extract, Caffeine, Cocoa Bean Extract, Food Coloring: Beetroot Juice Powder , bitter orange extract, glucuronolactone, citrus bioflavonoids, coconut water from fruit powder, ginkgo biloba extract, theacrine, willow bark extract, schisandra extract, sweeteners: sodium cyclamate, acesulfame-K, sucralose, sodium saccharin, food coloring: beetroot juice powder, Plant Extract Powder (Panax Notoginseng Extract, Astragalus Membranaceus Extract), Resistant Dextrin, Black Pepper Extract, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride.

*Prozent der empfohlenen täglichen Verzehrmenge laut Verordnung (EU) Nr. 1196/2011
**Keine Nährstoffbezugswerte (NRV) vorhanden.

Krieger, Stir 2 (25 g) slightly heaped scoops of Valhalla Pump into at least 300-500 ml of water and shake vigorously for 1 minute. Drink this mixture 30 to 45 minutes before starting your workout. Then drink 300 ml of clear water.

Dietary supplements are not intended as a substitute for a balanced and varied diet and a healthy lifestyle. The recommended daily dose should not be exceeded.

1. d'Unienville, N. M. A., Blake, H. T., Coates, A. M., Hill, A. M., Nelson, M. J., & Buckley, J. D. (2021). Effect of food sources of nitrate, polyphenols, L-arginine and L-citrulline on endurance exercise performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 18(1), 76. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-021-00472-y
2. Subramanian, D., & Gupta, S. (2016). Pharmacokinetic study of amaranth extract in healthy humans: A randomized trial. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 32(7-8), 748–753. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2015.12.041
3. Sugino, T., Shirai, T., Kajimoto, Y., & Kajimoto, O. (2008). L-ornithine supplementation attenuates physical fatigue in healthy volunteers by modulating lipid and amino acid metabolism. Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.), 28(11), 738–743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2008.08.008
4. Tamura, S., Tomizawa, S., Tsutsumi, S., Suguro, N., & Kizu, K. (1966). Metabolism of glucuronic acid in fatigue due to physical exercise. Japanese journal of pharmacology, 16(2), 138–156. https://doi.org/10.1254/jjp.16.138
5. Sheng, Y. Y., Xiang, J., Wang, Z. S., Jin, J., Wang, Y. Q., Li, Q. S., Li, D., Fang, Z. T., Lu, J. L., Ye, J. H., Liang, Y. R., & Zheng, X. Q. (2020). Theacrine From Camellia kucha and Its Health Beneficial Effects. Frontiers in nutrition, 7, 596823. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2020.596823
6. Stohs S. J. (2017). Safety, Efficacy, and Mechanistic Studies Regarding Citrus aurantium (Bitter Orange) Extract and p-Synephrine. Phytotherapy research : PTR, 31(10), 1463–1474. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5879
7. Jongkees, B. J., Hommel, B., Kühn, S., & Colzato, L. S. (2015). Effect of tyrosine supplementation on clinical and healthy populations under stress or cognitive demands--A review. Journal of psychiatric research, 70, 50–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.08.014
8. Rybnikář, M., Šmejkal, K., & Žemlička, M. (2019). Schisandra chinensis and its phytotherapeutical applications. Schisandra čínská a její využití ve fytoterapii. Ceska a Slovenska farmacie : casopis Ceske farmaceuticke spolecnosti a Slovenske farmaceuticke spolecnosti, 68(3), 95–118.
9. Silberstein, R. B., Pipingas, A., Song, J., Camfield, D. A., Nathan, P. J., & Stough, C. (2011). Examining brain-cognition effects of ginkgo biloba extract: brain activation in the left temporal and left prefrontal cortex in an object working memory task. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2011, 164139. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/164139
10. Calabrese, C., Gregory, W. L., Leo, M., Kraemer, D., Bone, K., & Oken, B. (2008). Effects of a standardized Bacopa monnieri extract on cognitive performance, anxiety, and depression in the elderly: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, N.Y.), 14(6), 707–713. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2008.0018
11. Poly, C., Massaro, J. M., Seshadri, S., Wolf, P. A., Cho, E., Krall, E., Jacques, P. F., & Au, R. (2011). The relation of dietary choline to cognitive performance and white-matter hyperintensity in the Framingham Offspring Cohort. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 94(6), 1584–1591. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.110.008938
12. Hajialyani, M., Hosein Farzaei, M., Echeverría, J., Nabavi, S. M., Uriarte, E., & Sobarzo-Sánchez, E. (2019). Hesperidin as a Neuroprotective Agent: A Review of Animal and Clinical Evidence. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 24(3), 648. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030648
13. Shara, M., & Stohs, S. J. (2015). Efficacy and Safety of White Willow Bark (Salix alba) Extracts. Phytotherapy research : PTR, 29(8), 1112–1116. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5377
14. Lin, C. R., Tsai, S. H. L., Wang, C., Lee, C. L., Hung, S. W., Ting, Y. T., & Hung, Y. C. (2023). Willow Bark (Salix spp.) Used for Pain Relief in Arthritis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Life (Basel, Switzerland), 13(10), 2058. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13102058
15. AstraGin® product dossier, sections 6.4 – 6.17.
16. Lubert Stryer. Biochemistry, 5th edition, Chapter 3: Protein Structure and Function. 10.Giacometti J, et al. Peptidomics as a tool for characterizing bioactive milk peptides. Food Chem. 2017;230:91-98.